Yes you can.
There are online scanners that you go to. In the search box you point it to the file/document you want to be analyzed in your computer and it will scan it using almost every antivirus anti-malware company in the world.
The best one is VirusTotal that uses over 60 scanners. It's the most well known. Then there's Jotti, VirSCAN and MeteScan online.
MetaScan is from the world's most advanced and most powerful antivirus anti-malware company that exists. They protect company systems using up to 32 antivirus anti-malware companies. Very expensive though.
VirusTotal will only scan files up to a certain size, not sure how large.
https://www.virustotal.com/#/home/upload
For whole computer systems you can use HerdProtect. It uses 68 scanners and it will destroy any malware in your computer absolutely free, no scams, no ads.
These two are the Gold standards in scanners. HerdProtect was designed by a leading security Tech at Microsoft years ago who made oodles of cash so he decided to give something back to the world for free.
http://www.herdprotect.com
One last thing.
VirusTotal has two other options. You can download a small file and install it into your computer at which point it will add itself to your right click menu. From then on you can right click any file in your computer and instantly submit it to virustotal.
Secondly you can install the VirusTotal addon into your web browser and from that point you can scan web sites and files before downloading anything. All for free no scams/ads.
One last thing again. Microsoft makes a Task Manager called Process Explorer which has two varieties, one is portable and the other is installable. Portable means you don't have to install it and to get rid of it you simply delete it like any other file. Or you can install it and use it as your primary task manager or not, you choose the option.
On the far right side of this task manager you will see every running process in your computer being analyzed constantly by VirusTotal. By checking this task manager you can see if there is any malware running in your computer at a glance using 60+ companies and you don't need an Antivirus to be installed. It will not destroy any malware like HerdProtect but at least you will know if your computer is clean.